This easy-to-grow plant produces highly accessible nectar and is visited by a large variety of insects. The larvae of several moth species feed on the foliage. Late boneset is rarely eaten by deer or livestock and can become a dominant species in over-grazed pastures. While it prefers full sun and moist conditions, it will grow in a range of conditions; as noted in Steyermark’s Flora of Missouri, Volume 2 (2006), it “is among the weediest species of Missouri thoroughworts, with little fidelity to any particular habitat.” Though "weedy" seems a little harsh, late boneset is certainly better suited for larger plantings where it can spread than formal flowerbeds around the house.

Uses: Deer resistant, pollinators, rain gardens
Bloom time: August - November

Height: 3 to 6 feet
Space: 18 to 36

Sun: Full sun to medium shade
Moisture: Average to moist

Seed: The small seeds need light to germinate. Stratification requirements are uncertain, but thirty days is likely beneficial.

• ~200 seeds per packet
• 140,000 seeds per ounce